Officially known as the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, this country can trace a unique identity back to the tenth century, despite near constant occupation by other states and empires. Luxembourg was officially made a Grand Duchy by the Congress of Vienna in 1815, which included it and the areas now known as Belgium and Holland in a new Kingdom of the Netherlands. Disputes about Luxembourg's territory and ownership continued between Holland, Belgium, France and Prussia, before the country became independent in 1867. However, Luxembourg still shared its ruler with Holland until 1890, when a separate dynasty inherited the position.
This is a chronological list of Luxembourg's leading statesmen (Prime Ministers since the constitution of 1848, enacted by William II of the Netherlands); the dates given are the periods of said office.
1848 J. T. I. de la Fontaine
1848 - 1853 J. J.Madelaine Willmar
1853 - 1860 Mathias Simons
1860 - 1867 Victor Baron Detornaco
1867 - 1874 Emmanuel Servais
1874 - 1885 Félix de Blochhausen
1885 - 1889 Edouard Thilges
1889 - 1915 Paul Eyschen
1915 Mathias Mongenast
1915 - 1916 Hubert Loutsch
1916 - 1917 Victor Thorn
1917 - 1918 Léon Kauffmann
1918 - 1925 Emil Reuter
1925 - 1926 Pierre Prüm
1926 - 1937 Joseph Bech
1937 - 1953 Pierre Dupong
1953 - 1958 Joseph Bech (2nd time)
1958 Pierre Frieden
1959 - 1974 Christian Pierre Werner
1974 - 1979 Gaston Thorn
1979 - 1984 Christian Pierre Werner (2nd time)
1984 - 1995 Jaques Santer
1995 - Jean Claude Juncker
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