This Day In European History

22nd August

Events
565: The first recorded sighting of a monster in Loch Ness, by St. Columba.
1138: The Battle of the Standard; England defeat Scotland.
1485: The Battle of Bosworth Field; King Richard III of England is killed.
1642: King Charles I of England and Scotland calls an army to fight the Parliament of England, the start of the English Civil War.
1799: Napoleon abandons his army in Egypt and returns to Europe.

Births
1647: Denis Papin, French engineer.
1733: Jean-François Ducis, French dramatist.
1862: Claude Debussy, French composer.
1891: Jacques Lipchitz, Franco-Russian sculptor.

Deaths
408: Flavius Stilicho, Roman commander.
1241: Pope Gregory IX.
1280: Pope Nicholas III.
1458: Richard III, King of England (and the last English king to die in battle).
1532: Archbishop William Warham of Canterbury.
1553: John Dudley, English soldier, administrator and de facto ruler.
1711: Louis-Francois, duc de Boufflers, French general.
1806: Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French painter.
1828: Franz Josef Gall, German anatomist.
1922: Michael Collins, Irish revolutionary.

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