This Day In European History
14th January
Events1236: Henry III marries Eleanor of Provence.
1526: Treaty of Madrid between Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and his prisoner, King Francis I of France. France was supposed to make concessions to the Empire, but Francis refuted it when free.
1588: Battle of Byczyna; Poland's Zamoyski defeats Maximilian of Austria.
1724: King Philip V of Spain passes the crown to his eldest son and joins a monastery.
1797: Battle of Rivoli, where a French force under Napoleon defeats Austria.
1814: Norway is ceded to Sweden by Denmark.
1858: The Orsini Bomb Plot, an attempt to kill French Emperor Napoleon III; he lives, but 156 bystanders die.
Births
1131: King Valdemar I of Denmark, gained independence from the Holy Roman Empire.
1552: Alberico Gentili, Italian jurist and often considered founder of International law.
1800: Ludwig von Kochel, Austrian botanist and musicologist.
1861: Mehmed VI, last sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
1875: Albert Schweitzer, French philosopher and doctor.
1892: Martin Niemoller, German theologian who preached against Hitler.
Deaths
1208: Peter of Castelnau, Papal legate; his death helped provoke the Albigensian crusade.
1623: Paolo Sarpi, Italian theologian.
1742: Edmond Halley, British astronomer.
1753: George Berkely, Anglo-Irish Bishop and scientist.
1819: John Wolcot, English satirist.
1831: Henry MacKenzie, Scottish writer.
1867: Jean-August-Dominique Ingres, French painter.
1898: The Rev. Charles Dodgson, better known as author Lewis Carroll.
