This Day In European History
12th November
Events1789: Revolutionary France is divided into 80 regions.
1847: Chloroform is first used as an anaesthetic, by British doctor James Simpson.
Births
1702: Jack Shepard, English thief noted for his escapes.
1756: Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian military innovator.
1833: Alexander Borodin, Russian composer.
1840: Auguste Rodin, French sculptor.
1842: John Strutt, English physicist.
Deaths
1035: King Cnut of England, Denmark and Norway.
1555: Bishop Stephen Gardiner.
1595: John Hawkins, English naval commander.
1562: Peter Vermigli, Italian religious reformer.
1671: Thomas Fairfax, English commander in chief of the Parliamentarian forces during the English Civil War.
1865: Elizabeth Stevenson, 'Mrs. Gaskell', British author.

