1. Education

The Napoleons and Empire

Material for the period between 1804 and 1870, during which France saw many governments, including those of Napoleon Bonaparte, and Napoleon III. For information on the Napoleonic Wars please see the specialist category page.

About: Napoleon Bonaparte

This shorter biography of Napoleon (a full length one requires several volumes!) also links to articles on the Emperor's parents, siblings and other relations. In addition, you'll find a selected bibliography and links on each individual.

Carlo Buonaparte

A biography of Carlo Buonaparte, father of Napoleon (and no, his name isn't a spelling mistake).

Letizia Bonaparte

A biography of Letizia Bonaparte, mother of Napoleon Bonaparte.

Pauline Borghese / Bonaparte

Pauline Borghese was one of Napoleon's sisters, perhaps the most infamous one; this is a biography.

The Empire between Dictatorship and Monarchy

This essay by Jean Tulard discusses the nature of Napoleonic power, a system of government that was neither wholly dictatorship nor monarchy, and which changed between generations.

The February Revolution, France 1848

Short and concise, this is an excellent overview of France’s 1848 revolution which sets out the major issues and personalities involved.

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