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Religion and Thought

Material on the religions, philosophies and ideologies of European history, including the Reformation.
Pope John Paul II
A biography of Pope John Paul II.
The Septuagint
A profile of the Septuagint, the Greek Old Testemant and source of much debate in Europe's history.
Vetus Latina - The Old Latin Bible
A profile of the Vetus Latina, the 'old Latin' Bible.
The Vulgate
A profile of the Vulgate, the bible translated by St. Jerome's and used for a long period in Europe's history.
The Gregorian Calendar
An account of the introduction and adoption of the Gregorian Calendar.
Unholy War: An Interview with David Kertzer
An interview with Professor David I. Kertzer about his book Unholy War - published in the US as The Popes Against the Jews - an excellent, but controversial, examination of the Vatican's role in modern anti-Semitism in Europe.
Slavic and Eurasian Pantheons
Christianity was established across much of Europe by 1500, and the remainder was predominantly Muslim; even so, older traditions didn't just stop, and this list of East European Gods could be a valuable resource.
The Devil
An essay by Carleton Cunningham entitled 'The Devil and the Religious Controversies of Sixteenth-Century France' which examines the contemporary conceptions of Satan through pamphlets and demonological texts.
The New Intellectual Order: Man, Nature and Society
Part of a lecture series on the intellectual history of Europe, this page contains a well written essay on the philosophical and ideological developments of the 16th and 17th century, which ended 'medieval' thought and led up to the Enlightenment.
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